作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院

出　　处： 《环境科学研究》 2009年第9期1098-1102,共5页

摘　　要： 采用巢式设计进行了人体排泄试验,着重考察了影响污染物排泄系数的若干相关因素.结果表明:TN和TP的排泄系数比CODCr和BOD5要高得多,反映了人体对氮、磷元素的吸收率较低,说明摄入相同数量的"污染物",人体粪尿排泄物中氮、磷排泄量较多;除CODCr外,其他污染物的排泄系数均是女性明显高于男性(P<0.05),这可能与男女之间的体质量、消化能力以及体力消耗等差异有关;膳食结构与食物搭配也是影响污染物排泄系数的重要因素,这可能与不同种类的食物中表征的CODCr,BOD5,TP和TN指标及其存在形式有关,因此应关注膳食结构的变迁所引发的潜在的环境问题. Nested design was used to perform an experiment on the excretion of humans.The experiment examined the main relevant factors affecting excretion pollution coefficients.The results showed that the excretion coefficients of TN and TP were higher than those of CODCr,BOD5,suggesting that the absorption rates of N and P were lower,and that when equivalent amounts of pollutants were ingested,there would be higher amounts of TN and TP than CODCr and BOD5 in human excreta.Except for the CODCr excretion coefficient,the excretion coefficients among females were higher than those among males,with significant difference（P〈0.05）.This is possibly related to gender differences in weight,digestive ability and physical output.In addition,dietary patterns were also important factors affecting excretion coefficients,possibly associated with the levels and existing forms of CODCr,BOD5,TP,TN in different kinds of food.Therefore,environmental problems induced by the change of dietary pattern should be given attention.

关 键 词： 人体 排泄物 系数 巢式设计 生活污水

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]