作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东外语外贸大学

出　　处： 《现代外语》 2001年第3期311-316,共6页

摘　　要： 本文以Halliday(1985)的系统-功能语法为理论框架,以美国刑法司法判决书为材料,对情态意义在其中的分布及其特点加以分析归纳。由于美国是属于普通法系的国家,司法判决书是法律的渊源之一,这使得司法语言兼有立法语言的功能和特点。在法官宣布适用法律和运用法律的推理过程中,情态和意态的使用及频率不尽相同,本文对此做出了相应的分析并寻求其法律上的相关解释和依据。 This study investigates the linguistic representations of modality in judicial documents of American criminal law. Due to the institutional ideology of the judicial discourse, this investigation is not merely confined to linguistic analysis. It also attempts to provide some explanations from the legal perspective as to why the modality appears the way as it is. The theoretical framework for the study is Halliday's (1985) systemic-functional grammar. According to Halliday, modality is the chief linguistic means to realize the interpersonal meanings of language and it consists of modalisation and modulation, with the former expressing the varying degrees of probability and usuality while the latter expressing the varying degrees of obligation and inclination. The data come from judgments of American criminal law. Modality is embedded at various points with uneven distribution, indicating the mandatory or directory and discretionary or permissive functions of the judicial discourse in question. Since judgments constitute a major source of law in common-law countries such as America, its discoursal features including modality are in some way in common with the legislative discourse. It is concluded that necessity and modulation are more likely invoked when judges are declaring the law; possibility and modalisation occupy a more dominant position when they are applying the law.

关 键 词： 情态意义 功能语法 相同 国是 解释 司法语言 归纳 立法语言 理论框架 材料

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